Carbide thread inserts are designed for use in applications where there is a need for high pressure and strength. They are made of a very hard material, which makes them highly resistant to wear and tear, and they can withstand a wide range of temperatures. This makes them ideal for use in applications where a high level of pressure is required.
The strength of carbide thread inserts is unmatched, so when working with high pressure applications, they are the perfect choice. They are also able to withstand a wide range of temperatures, which makes them suitable for use in a variety of different applications. This includes applications where high temperatures are present, as well as applications where low temperatures are present.
Carbide thread inserts also offer superior corrosion resistance, which makes them ideal for use in applications where corrosion is a concern. They are also extremely durable, so they are able to withstand a lot of wear and tear without needing to be replaced. This gives them a longer lifespan than other types of thread inserts.
Overall, carbide thread inserts are a great choice for applications where there is a need for high pressure and strength. They are highly resistant to wear and tear, and they can withstand a wide range of temperatures. They also offer superior corrosion resistance and are extremely durable, making them suitable for many different applications. Therefore, carbide thread inserts are very suitable for applications with high pressure.
Carbide thread inserts are designed for use in applications where there is a need for high pressure and strength. They are made of a very hard material, which makes them highly resistant to wear and tear, and they can withstand a wide range of temperatures. This makes them ideal for use in applications where a high level of pressure is required.
The strength of carbide thread inserts is unmatched, so when working with high pressure applications, they are the perfect choice. They are also able to withstand a wide range of temperatures, which makes them suitable for Carbide Milling Inserts use in a variety of different applications. This includes applications where CCMT Insert high temperatures are present, as well as applications where low temperatures are present.
Carbide thread inserts also offer superior corrosion resistance, which makes them ideal for use in applications where corrosion is a concern. They are also extremely durable, so they are able to withstand a lot of wear and tear without needing to be replaced. This gives them a longer lifespan than other types of thread inserts.
Overall, carbide thread inserts are a great choice for applications where there is a need for high pressure and strength. They are highly resistant to wear and tear, and they can withstand a wide range of temperatures. They also offer superior corrosion resistance and are extremely durable, making them suitable for many different applications. Therefore, carbide thread inserts are very suitable for applications with high pressure.
The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/
When using CNC inserts, surface finish issues may arise. These issues can be caused by a variety of factors, such as improper tool path programming, incorrect tool selection, or poor machine setup. Fortunately, these issues can be resolved with a few simple steps.
The first step in troubleshooting surface finish issues with CNC inserts is to inspect the tool path. If the tool path is too long, then it may be causing the surface finish issues. The tool path should be kept as short as possible to avoid cutting too much material and creating surface finish issues. Additionally, the tool path should be checked for sharp corners, as sharp corners can cause surface finish issues.
The next step is to check the tool selection. If the wrong tool is being used, then it may be causing the surface finish issues. The tool should be appropriate for the material being cut and should not create any excessive cutting forces. Additionally, the tool should be sharp and properly balanced to ensure a good surface finish.
The final step in troubleshooting surface finish issues with CNC inserts is to check the machine setup. If the machine is not properly setup, then it may be causing the surface finish issues. The machine should be properly adjusted to ensure that the cutting forces are being applied correctly. Additionally, the machine should be properly leveled and the spindle should be running at the correct speed.
By following these steps, surface finish issues with CNC inserts can be resolved. By inspecting the tool path, checking the tool selection, and ensuring the machine is properly setup, surface finish issues can be resolved and the desired results achieved.
When using CNC inserts, surface finish issues may arise. These issues can be caused by a variety of Carbide Milling Inserts factors, such as improper tool path programming, incorrect tool selection, or poor machine setup. Fortunately, these issues can be resolved with a few simple steps.
The first step in troubleshooting surface finish issues with CNC inserts is to inspect the tool path. If the tool path is too long, then it may be causing the surface finish issues. The tool path should be kept as short as possible to avoid cutting too much material and creating surface finish issues. Additionally, the tool path should be checked for sharp corners, as sharp corners can cause surface finish issues.
The next step is to check the tool selection. cemented carbide inserts If the wrong tool is being used, then it may be causing the surface finish issues. The tool should be appropriate for the material being cut and should not create any excessive cutting forces. Additionally, the tool should be sharp and properly balanced to ensure a good surface finish.
The final step in troubleshooting surface finish issues with CNC inserts is to check the machine setup. If the machine is not properly setup, then it may be causing the surface finish issues. The machine should be properly adjusted to ensure that the cutting forces are being applied correctly. Additionally, the machine should be properly leveled and the spindle should be running at the correct speed.
By following these steps, surface finish issues with CNC inserts can be resolved. By inspecting the tool path, checking the tool selection, and ensuring the machine is properly setup, surface finish issues can be resolved and the desired results achieved.
The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/lathe-inserts/rcmx-insert/
In order to make the metal parts have the required working performance, heat treatment process is often necessary. Heat treatment process generally includes heating, heat preservation and cooling. Due to different processes, it can be divided into quenching, tempering, normalizing, annealing, etc?
Contents hide 1What is quenching? 2What is tempering? 3What is normalizing? 4What is annealing?What is quenching?
Quenching of steel is a heat treatment process in which the steel is heated to the critical temperature AC3 (hypoeutectoid steel) or AC1 (hypereutectoid steel), holding for a period of time, and then rapidly cooling to below MS (or isothermal near MS) at a cooling rate greater than the critical cooling rate for martensite (or bainite) transformation. Generally, the solution treatment of aluminum alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, tempered glass and other materials or the heat treatment process with rapid cooling process is called quenching.
Purpose of quenching:
1) Improve the mechanical properties of metal products or parts.
2) Improve the material properties or chemical properties of some special steels. Such as improving the corrosion resistance of stainless steel and increasing the permanent magnetism of magnetic steel.
The steel workpiece has the following characteristics after quenching:
① The unbalanced (i.e. unstable) structures such as martensite, bainite and retained austenite are obtained.
② There is a large internal stress.
③ The mechanical properties can not meet the requirements. Therefore, iron and steel parts are generally tempered after quenching.
What is tempering?
Tempering is a heat treatment process in which the quenched metal products or parts are heated to a certain temperature and cooled in a certain way after holding for a certain time. Tempering is an operation immediately after quenching and is usually the last process for heat treatment of workpieces. Therefore, the combined process of quenching and tempering is called final treatment.
The main purpose of quenching and tempering is to:
1) In order to reduce the internal stress and brittleness, the quenched parts have great stress and brittleness. If not tempered in time, deformation and even cracking will occur.
2) Adjust the mechanical properties of the workpiece. After quenching, the workpiece has high hardness and brittleness. In order to meet the different performance requirements of various workpieces, the hardness, strength, plasticity and toughness can be adjusted by tempering.
3) Stabilize workpiece size. The metallographic structure can be stabilized by tempering, so as to ensure no deformation in the later use.
4) Improve the machinability of some alloy steels.
The effect of tempering is as follows:
① Improve the stability of the structure, so that the structure of the workpiece will not change in the process of use, so that the geometric size and performance of the workpiece remain stable.
② In order to improve the performance of the workpiece and stabilize the geometric dimension of the workpiece, the internal stress should be eliminated.
③ Adjust the mechanical properties of steel to meet the requirements of use.
The reason why tempering has these effects is that when the temperature rises, the atomic activity ability is enhanced, and the atoms of iron, carbon and other alloy elements in iron and steel can be rapidly diffused to realize the rearrangement and combination of atoms, so that the unstable unbalanced structure gradually changes into stable equilibrium structure. The elimination of internal stress is also related to the decrease of metal strength with the increase of temperature. When tempered, the hardness and strength of steel decrease and the plasticity increases. The higher the tempering temperature, the greater the change of these mechanical properties. Some alloy steels with high content of alloying elements will precipitate some fine metal compounds when tempered in a certain temperature range, which will increase the strength and hardness. This phenomenon is called secondary hardening.
Tempering requirements: workpieces Deep Hole Drilling Inserts with different uses should be tempered at different temperatures to meet the requirements in use.
① Tools, bearings, carburized and quenched parts and surface hardened parts are usually tempered at low temperature below 250 ℃. After low temperature tempering, the hardness changes little, the internal stress decreases and the toughness increases slightly.
② High elasticity and necessary toughness can be obtained by tempering spring at 350 ～ 500 ℃.
③ The parts made of medium carbon structural steel are usually tempered at 500 ~ 600 ℃ to obtain a good combination of strength and toughness.
In production, it is often based on the performance requirements of the workpiece. According to different heating temperature, tempering can be divided into low temperature tempering, medium temperature tempering and high DNMG Insert temperature tempering. Quenching and subsequent high-temperature tempering combined heat treatment process is called quenching and tempering, which has high strength and good plasticity and toughness.
1) Low temperature tempering: 150-250 ℃, m cycles, reduce internal stress and brittleness, improve plasticity and toughness, and have high hardness and wear resistance. It is used to make measuring tools, cutting tools and rolling bearings.
2) Medium temperature tempering: 350-500 ℃, t cycle, high elasticity, plasticity and hardness. It is used for making springs, forging dies, etc.
3) High temperature tempering: 500-650 ℃, s cycle, with good comprehensive mechanical properties. It is used to make gears, crankshafts, etc.
What is normalizing?
Normalizing is a heat treatment to improve the toughness of steel. After the steel members are heated to 30-50 ℃ above AC3 temperature, they are kept for a period of time and then cooled out of the furnace. The main feature is that the cooling rate is faster than that of annealing and lower than that of quenching. When normalizing, the crystallized grains of steel can be refined in a slightly faster cooling, which can not only obtain satisfactory strength, but also significantly improve the toughness (Akv value) and reduce the cracking tendency of the components. After normalizing some low alloy hot rolled steel plates, low alloy steel forgings and castings, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the materials can be greatly improved, and the cutting properties can also be improved.
Normalizing has the following purposes and uses:
① For hypoeutectoid steel, normalizing is used to eliminate overheated coarse grain structure and widmanstatten structure in casting, forging and welding parts, and banded structure in rolled products, refine grain size, and be used as pre heat treatment before quenching.
② For hypereutectoid steel, normalizing can eliminate the network secondary cementite and refine the pearlite, which not only improves the mechanical properties, but also benefits the later spheroidizing annealing.
③ For low carbon deep drawing steel sheet, normalizing can eliminate free cementite at grain boundary to improve its deep drawing property.
④ For low carbon steel and low-carbon low alloy steel, more fine pearlite structure can be obtained by normalizing, and the hardness can be increased to hb140-190. The phenomenon of “sticking to the tool” can be avoided and the machinability can be improved. For medium carbon steel, it is more economical and convenient to normalize and anneal medium carbon steel.
⑤ For ordinary medium carbon structural steel, normalizing can be used instead of quenching and tempering at high temperature when the mechanical properties are not required. This method is not only easy to operate, but also stable in structure and size of steel.
⑥ High temperature normalizing (150-200 ℃ above AC3) can reduce the composition segregation of castings and forgings due to the high diffusion rate at high temperature. The coarse grains after high temperature normalizing can be refined by the second lower temperature normalizing.
⑦ For some low and medium carbon alloy steels used in steam turbines and boilers, the bainite structure is usually obtained by normalizing and then tempered at high temperature. It has good creep resistance when used at 400-550 ℃.
⑧ In addition to steel and steel, normalizing is also widely used in the heat treatment of ductile iron to obtain pearlite matrix and improve the strength of ductile iron.
Since the normalizing is characterized by air cooling, the ambient air temperature, stacking mode, air flow and workpiece size have effects on the microstructure and properties after normalizing. Normalizing structure can also be used as a classification method of alloy steel. Alloy steels are usually classified into pearlitic steel, bainite steel, martensite steel and austenitic steel according to the microstructure obtained by air cooling after heated to 900 ℃ for a sample with a diameter of 25 mm.
What is annealing?
Annealing is a kind of metal heat treatment process in which the metal is slowly heated to a certain temperature, maintained for enough time, and then cooled at an appropriate speed. Annealing is divided into complete annealing, incomplete annealing and stress relief annealing. The mechanical properties of annealed materials can be tested by tensile test or hardness test. Many steels are supplied in the state of annealing heat treatment. Rockwell hardness tester can be used to test HRB hardness. For thin steel plate, steel strip and thin-walled steel pipe, surface Rockwell hardness tester can be used to detect HRT hardness.
The purpose of annealing is to:
① It can improve or eliminate all kinds of structural defects and residual stresses in the process of casting, forging, rolling and welding, and prevent the deformation and cracking of the workpiece.
② Soften the workpiece for cutting.
③ The mechanical properties of the workpiece can be improved by refining the grain and improving the microstructure.
④ Prepare for the final heat treatment (quenching and tempering).
The common annealing processes are as follows:
① Fully annealed. It is used to refine the coarse overheated structure of medium and low carbon steel with poor mechanical properties after casting, forging and welding. When the workpiece is heated to 30-50 ℃ above the temperature at which all ferrite is transformed into austenite, keep it for a period of time, and then slowly cool down with the furnace. During the cooling process, the austenite transforms again, and the microstructure of the steel becomes finer.
② Spheroidizing annealing. It is used to reduce the high hardness of tool steel and bearing steel after forging. When the workpiece is heated to 20-40 ℃ above the temperature at which austenite begins to form, the lamellar cementite in pearlite becomes spherical during cooling, thus reducing the hardness.
③ Isothermal annealing. It is used to reduce the high hardness of some alloy structural steels with high nickel and chromium contents for cutting. Generally, the austenite is cooled to the most unstable temperature of austenite at a faster speed, and the austenite is transformed into troostite or sorbite, and the hardness can be reduced.
④ Recrystallization annealing. It is used to eliminate the hardening phenomenon of metal wire and sheet in the process of cold drawing and cold rolling (hardness increasing and plasticity decreasing). The heating temperature is generally 50-150 ℃ below the temperature at which austenite begins to form. Only in this way can the work hardening effect be eliminated and the metal softened.
⑤ Graphitization annealing. It is used to make the cast iron containing a lot of cementite into malleable cast iron with good plasticity. The technological operation is to heat the casting to about 950 ℃ and cool it properly after holding for a certain time, so that the cementite decomposes and forms flocculent graphite.
⑥ Diffusion annealing. It is used to homogenize the chemical composition of alloy casting and improve its service performance. On the premise of no melting, the casting is heated to the highest temperature as possible, and kept warm for a long time, and then slowly cooled after the elements in the alloy diffuse evenly.
⑦ Stress relief annealing. It is used to eliminate the internal stress of steel castings and weldments. For iron and steel products, when austenite begins to form after heating, the internal stress can be eliminated by cooling in air after heat preservation.
The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/product/cnmg-pressing-cermet-inserts-p-1193/
CNC: IP ratings of the electricals in a CNC machine
How much water and dust can your CNC electricals withstand ?
The IP (Ingress Protection) rating is very a important aspect of the electrical equipment (cabinet, motors, switches, etc.) used in CNC machines. The equipment has to work in the midst of dust and coolant, and the IP rating tells you how well it can withstand this.
The IP rating is defined by the IEC standard 60529 (IEC=International Electrotechnical Commission). It is a 2 digit number.
The first SNMG Insertdigit is the protection that the equipment’s enclosure provides against entry of solid objects and dust into the equipment. The second digit is the protection against entry of water (meaning coolant, in a CNC machine).
E.g., an electrical socket may be IP20, just appropriate to prevent you shoving your finger into it. The spindle motor may be IP40, the axes servo motors may be IP67, the electrical cabinet may be IP54.
Action point
When two machines of the same size and look similar, the IP rating of parts is one of the reasons that one costs X and the other costs 2X. Higher protection costs more money, but makes the machine more reliable. The IP ratings may one of the reasons that the cheaper machine breaks down every 2 days. When you are planning to buy a machine, look at the quality of the electricals (apart from the class of bearings, the grade of Cast Iron used, etc.)
Text and pics. source: CADEM NCyclopedia multimedia CNC training software.
Etc.
Windmills – how are these monsters erected ?
I’ve been seeing windmills in action around the country, and have often seen them being transported on highways. Like the ones in these pictures that I saw last month, on the Bangalore-Hyderabad NH7, 150 km. from Bangalore.
I’ve always wondered how these monstrous things were actually erected, and the only way to actually satisfy my curiosity would have been to go and stand at a windmill site for 4 hours and see the process.
Till I hit upon the lazy city-slicker’s solution. I compressed my 1-day knowledge-gathering (drive 3 hours, watch for 4 hours, drive back 3 hours) into a few minutes of sitting on my butt and watching these videos on my laptop (both of windmills in the UK).
Lovely 2.5 minute time-lapse video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9u_EyxSVL5o
Another (10 minute) video that shows the whole process – transporting + erection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0DZUDQyw_0
If you’re in the metalworking business you are well aware of the effects of supply chain disruptions, inflation, and labor shortages all ushered in and/or exacerbated by COVID. Even so, for most of the metalworking industry, business has been pretty good for the last two years. That’s been reflected both in the U.S. consumption of machine tools and in the Gardner Business Index, which has shown positive growth since the last half of 2020. Will this momentum carry us through 2023?
The answer is, it all depends on a variety of economic forces in play and how they could impact your specific business. Economists may disagree on whether there will be a recession next year, but if there is one, most experts concur that it is not likely to be severe, and most industry analysts doubt it will have a major impact on the manufacturing sector, barring extraordinary events. But business in the metalworking sector is slowing and we expect that to continue into next year. According to Gardner Business Media’s Capital Spending Survey, the U.S. market for machine tools will be down some 19 percent in 2023, but that is after a very strong market for the last five years and it will still be at a healthy consumption level of $7 billion. The survey indicates that both the cutting tool and workholding markets will be up next year by 5% and 8% respectively. These markets are important as they help paint a picture of overall metalworking activity beyond capital spending.
We should note that the Capital Spending Survey is not a forecast, but a projection of buyer intent based on responses to a survey conducted in July of this year, a time of significant uncertainty. As testimony to the sentiment during July, a question on the GBI survey that is separate from the index asks about Cast Iron Inserts expectations for investing in equipment during the next 12 months. It shows a tick upward in the months since July. Compared to other industry projections, our Capital Spending results are somewhat more conservative on the 2023 outlook, but most industry economists agree that the market will be down next year, if by lesser degrees. Anecdotal evidence from IMTS and other customer and consumer interactions suggest a stronger manufacturing sector than does Capital Spending. According to Pat McGibbon, chief knowledge officer of AMT – the Association for Manufacturing Technology, “Next year we will be down in the first half and likely see modest improvement in the second half of 23 through most of 2024.”
The Gardner Business Index aligns with that general view. The GBI is a diffusion index much like the Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) that Cemented Carbide Inserts measures the pace of growth in the metalworking market. A score of 50 indicates a flat market, while scores above 50 signify a growing market and lower scores indicate a shrinking market. The GBI has been in positive territory almost since the beginning of 2017 (with a relatively short drop in the second half of 2019 followed by the COVID drop in 2020) and posted an all-time high in 2021. The growth rate has been slowing for most of this year and currently is hovering near 50.
The Bright Spots
Despite the headwinds of an uncertain general economy, there are significant bright spots in capital spending in 2023. As it has been for the last few years the job shop market will continue to grow and be far and away the largest market for machine tools with almost $2.5 billion in spending. In terms of total spending, the next largest markets will be industrial machinery ($900M), aerospace ($600M), and automotive ($500M). Moreover, smaller plants (<100 employees) collectively will account for a majority of capital investment in many manufacturing categories.
In terms of growth, industries increasing spending next year include:
Geographically, the largest regions are north-central states with 31% of spending followed by the Midwest at 20%, the Northeast at 19%, and the West at 17%.
As for what they are buying, machining centers account for nearly 40% of capital spending in 2023. That is followed by turning centers (25%), grinding machines (9%), and EDM and screw machines, both at about 4%. While total spending on lathes and turning centers will be down next year by about 31%, spending on Swiss-type and other screw machines will continue growth trends over the last few years and be up about 33% in 2023.
Other encouraging indicators from the Capital Spending Survey include:
The percent of planned spending on new machines (vs. used) remains at about 70%.The main objective for investing capital, unchanged from the last two years, is to improve productivity/efficiency. Increasing capacity is a growing reason for investing capital, which generally is an indicator of expected growth, particularly in the job shop market. Reducing costs is the one major objective that declined.While overall spending will be down, one indication that it may not be as dramatic a decline comes from responses to a sentiment question added to the Capital Spending survey. Specifically, some 45% of respondents said they would increase capital spending next year and another 29% said they’d spend about the same. Only 26% said they’d spend less.More on the Gardner Business Index
After bouncing back post-pandemic, across metalworking industry segments and key metrics, the GBI has pointed to slowing growth, no growth, and/or contraction for the past 3 – 6 months, with a few of the sub-indices such as new orders and exports falling below 50 in August of this year. A flat metalworking market at this level of activity can be a good thing in the degree to which it provides a little room for long-stretched manufacturing operations to catch their breath. That said, we nonetheless expect the GBI to be back on a strong growth curve in 6 to 9 months.
About the GBI and Capital Spending Survey
The Capital Spending Survey is conducted by Gardner Intelligence every July/August, usually resulting in a new set of reports available in October. It is delivered to a select group of approximately 62,000 total subscribers, primarily in company management positions. The survey asks respondents to provide dollar amounts of anticipated spending on specific items for the next calendar year and includes additional questions covering the motivations for spending and firmographic information. This year’s final results are projected from a survey sample of about 850 respondents.
The Gardner Business Index is based on a monthly survey to metalworking businesses of all types. It is a diffusion index which is an average based on key business indicators such as new orders, backlog, employment, supplier delivery times, and so on. Every month respondents indicate in each category whether the situation is better than the previous month, worse, or about the same. Trends in each category are tracked over time, and the composite index is built on an average of all the sub-indices.
For more information on Gardner Business Media’s reports and services, please visit GardnerIntelligence.com.
The Carbide Inserts Website: https://www.estoolcarbide.com/coated-inserts/
